Basic Modals(DAY-27)

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Basic Modals

There are 3 concepts in Modals. The concept of probability, the concept of ability and the concept of Duty.

What is probability?

A probability means an action may happen. For probability we use helping verb may or may be.

Ability means your ability to do something. For ability we use the helping verb can or can be.

Duty means some action which we need to do which you should to do, which you have to do. The important helping verbs here are should, should be, have to, have to be, must, must be.

When do we add be and when do we not add be.

It is very simple. We use only may, can, should, must with v1 when there is a verb in the sentence.

When there is no verb, we add be to the above. Example -

I may go to the market tomorrow. (There is a verb here)

I may be in the market tomorrow. (There is no verb here)

He may be in the room. (There is no verb here)

Exercise 1

In the following use “may, can , should, may be, can be, should be

1. George has worked as a chef in many restaurants. He ………. Cook many dishes.

2. You ………. (not) talk loudly. The class gets disturbed.

3. I can see clouds in the sky. It ………. rain.

4. You ………. (not) drive fast. Time is important but life is more important.

5. You ………. punctual. You will not miss the beginning of the class.

6. You ………. a good singer if you practice with dedication.

7. ………. you sing well?

8. Why ……….I listen to you? Every time I followed your advice, I failed.

9. ………. (not) you come to my house? It is only a furlong away.

10. ………. you explain once again? I did not understand.

11. Why ………. (not) you follow instructions? After all, the instructions are simple.

12. Who ………. responsible for completing the tasks?

13. I ………. there at 5PM. It’s very urgent.

14. If you ………. do this work on time it will be a great help.

15. Who ………. paint well in your class?

16. To whom ………. I give this letter?

17. Where ………. I join to do my M.Sc Computers? Please help me, I am confused.

18. After we give the present, what ………. we do next?

19. ………. (you) here at 4PM tomorrow.

20. Who ………. get the 1st prize? Everybody did well.

Joining two or more Sentences (DAY 25-26)

 

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Joining two or more Sentences

Now let’s come to understand how we join two or more sentences.

We join two or three, four sentences using conjunctions and relative pronouns.

What are the major conjunctions?

After, before, while, when, if, because, though,

and, but, so, either or, neither nor.

What are relative pronouns?

Relative pronouns are also join two sentences. Let’s take an example.

He is a boy. This boy gave me an apple.

How to combine these two sentences?

He is the boy who gave me this apple.

This is my house. I live here.

This is where I live.

He is the person. He came first in the class.

He is the person who came first.

The time now is 9’O clock. At 9’O clock I eat my breakfast.

This is the time when I eat my breakfast.

So, this who, which, where and when have combined these 2 sentences.

Activity – 1

Use the following clues and use appropriate conjunctions / relative pronouns and complete the sentences and also check tenses.

Home

1. My father go office. We go school. (after)

2. My father get the time. He take us to a movie. (when)

3. Every Sunday we go to my grandmother. She lives in a nearby village. (who)

4. My mother get up. We get up. (before)

5. My mother cook in the night. We study. (while)

6. My relatives come in summer holidays. We really enjoy. (when)

7. My father strict. We love him. (though)

8. I help my mother at home. She has backache. (because)

School

1. The security guard come to school. We come to school. (before)

2. I not come to school in bus. My house is nearby. (because)

3. I not well. I not go to the school. (when)

4. In my school, we have communication skills classes. It help in life. (because)

5. Summer holidays come. I feel bored. (when)

6. I like my school. They have activities. (because)

7. You come to my school. Meet me in lunch time. We not allowed to meet visitors. (if, because)

8. My school in the centre of the city. Lot of noise. (because)

Activity - 2

Use the Conjunctions and Relative pronouns given below and

fill in the blanks in complex sentences given.

1. I came late .............. the bus came late.

2. .............. you give me the money I will start a business.

3. .............. I work hard I failed.

4. I will come .............. the movie is over.

5. Will you help me .............. I help you?

6. The door was locked .............. I waited outside.

7. .............. you came I was watching a movie.

8. Do you browse the net .............. midnight?

9. Will you join B.Tech .............. your inter?

10. This is the fridge .............. is not working.

11. Here is .............. we are starting Track Institute.

12. .............. you come to my house I will give you the book.

13. .............. you finish the work meet me.

14. .............. who work hard will get a salary raise.

15. .............. you don't listen to me how can I help you?

16. .............. 4 years are over there will be a change in the country.

17. There are many people in India .............. get less than Rs.400 per month.

18. .............. you came Lalitha came.

19. .............. I finish the work I will go to a movie.

20. .............. we tried we failed.

21. .............. he is poor he helps everybody.

22. .............. I finish this book I will become confident.

23. There are four gifts of mine .............. are very precious.

24. .............. works hard wins.

25. Count your chickens .............. they hatch.

26. .............. will take care of you after I die?

27. I will help you .............. you help me.

28. I hate those .............. lie.

29. I called you so many times .............. you ignore me.

30. .............. you come fast we can reach the station.

31. I will cook .............. sleep for 2 hours.

32. .............. he was not free he took out time for me.

33. .............. friend of yours will help you in times of trouble?

34. .............. you have 10 lakhs we can easily earn one crore.

35. Can you understand .............. people live?

36. When will you start the lesson .............. is pending?

37. How many times will I tell you .............. you are beautiful?

38. He is the best .............. thinks he is.

39. I will tell you .............. is painting.

40. .............. I finish 50 sentences I will stop it.

41. Who will meet you .............. the movie is over.

42. Bhagavadgita is the book .............. talks about the Karma phiolosophy.

43. Indian culture is the most ancient culture in the world .............. the most mystereous.

44. India will change .............. it discovers itself.

45. He is the person .............. I like very much.

46. I don't think .............. he is a good person.

47. .............. you practice this book twice you will be a master in English.

48. Nobody likes you .............. you are selfish.

49. I got less marks .............. I was ill before the exam.

50. There is a crowd here .............. there was an accident.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense (DAY-24)

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present Perfect continuous tense is used for actions which had started in the past and are still continuing now. For example, it is wrong to say “I’m waiting for 4 hours”, because am, is, are should be used only for actions going on now. When there is a PERIOD OF TIME, the tense changes to present perfect continuous tense. It’s structure is

Subject + has been / have been + (V1+ing) + Object

Examples:

1. I have been working since 1’O clock.

2. He has been talking for 2 hours.

3. We have been typing since morning.

4. The children have been playing in the park for 4 hours.

Note: When the starting time is given, we use “since” and when the total time is given, we use “for”.

Activity – 1

Use the following clues and make sentences in Present perfect continuous tense.

1. He sleep 4 hours.

2. We walk morning.

3. I write for two days.

4. Ravi, live in the US, 10 years.

5. Sita, wash clothes one hour.

6. We cook for the function 10 hours.

7. Children play video games, morning.

8. I teach English, 15 years.